WORLD WAR I • 1914–1918 ✧ DELIVERED

Cups of Tea and Gentle Hands

Edith Baker (age 26)
Margaret Baker (age 30)
1916-08-15 3 min read Battle of the Somme Étaples, France
Period photograph related to Cups of Tea and Gentle Hands
Archival photograph · Public domain
Click to view
Étaples, France • 1916-08-15
Edith Baker
to Margaret Baker

Dearest Meg,

I am writing this at half past eleven at night, snatching a few minutes before the next train arrives. The trains are the worst, you see — you can hear them coming from miles away, the whistle cutting through the dark, and you know what they’re bringing.

They come in waves, like the tide. Day after day, week after week. Since July the first, we have not stopped. The wards are full — every bed, every corridor, every tent. We are triaging on the platform now, making split-second decisions about who gets a bed and who gets a blanket on the floor. The walking wounded wait outside in the rain.

I held a boy today — he couldn’t have been older than eighteen. His leg was gone below the knee and his eyes were wide open, not from the pain but from the shock. He looked at me and said, “Am I going to be all right, sister?” and I said yes because that is what we say. He died in my arms forty minutes later. He called for his mother at the end. I told him I was there. I told him he was not alone. I hope that was true.

The smell is indescribable. Gas gangrene — sweet and sickly, like rotting meat mixed with flowers. The mud. The iodine. Blood and Lysol and sweat and fear. You never get used to it, but you learn to breathe through your mouth.

And yet — and this is the strangest thing, Meg — there is joy here too. The girls I work with are the bravest women I have ever known. We laugh at things that would make you weep. We drink tea in the store room and share chocolate sent from home and tell each other about the men we will marry when this is over. We are cups of tea and gentle hands in an ocean of chaos. It is not enough, I know. But it is something.

I worry about the Zeppelins. I heard last week that one raided London — did it come near Islington? Please write and tell me you are safe. Tell Mother I am well. Tell Father I am doing good work.

The whistle is blowing. Another train.

Your loving sister, Edith

P.S. — If you can spare any more of that lavender soap, send it. We wash our hands so often they bleed.

The letter is written on thin, cream-coloured paper in a neat, sloping hand. There are two small tea stains and a smudge of iodine on the reverse side. The envelope is addressed in the same careful hand, with 'On Active Service' stamped in red.

Weather on that day
Loading historical weather data...

What Happened

Edith Baker survived the war. She served at Étaples through to the Armistice, working fourteen-hour days, seven days a week, through the Somme, the German Spring Offensive of 1918, and the Spanish flu pandemic that swept through the camp in the autumn of 1918. She was awarded the Royal Red Cross (Second Class) in 1918 for her service — a decoration rarely given to VAD nurses. After the war, she returned to London and became one of the first women admitted to the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine. She qualified as a doctor in 1925 and practised medicine in London until 1960, specialising in women's health and tuberculosis. She never married. She died in 1983 at the age of 93, outliving every member of her VAD unit. Her letters are held by the Imperial War Museum.

Aftermath

Margaret Baker kept all of Edith's letters tied with green ribbon in a hat box on top of her wardrobe. She never married either — the two sisters lived together in the family home in Islington until Margaret's death in 1962. After Edith's death in 1983, the letters were discovered by a neighbour who donated them to the Imperial War Museum. They are now part of the Women in War collection. In 2018, Edith's story was featured in the IWM's centenary exhibition "Voices of the First World War." A photo of her in her VAD uniform, aged 25, shows a young woman with sharp eyes and a steady smile.

Historical Context

Étaples, on the French coast near Boulogne, was the largest British base hospital complex in France. At its peak, it had 20,000 beds spread across dozens of tented wards and could process 10,000 wounded men in a single day. The casualty clearing stations at the front would stabilise the wounded and then pack them onto hospital trains to Étaples, where nurses and doctors performed triage, surgery, and rehabilitation. The Battle of the Somme (July 1 – November 18, 1916) overwhelmed the system entirely. During the first week alone, over 20,000 wounded arrived at Étaples. VAD (Voluntary Aid Detachment) nurses were middle- and upper-class volunteers who had signed up as a patriotic duty. They were often given the most gruelling work — dressing wounds, emptying bedpans, holding men as they died. Many were not prepared for what they saw. The work was unspeakable, but they did it anyway.
Period-Accurate Ambient Sound
|

Timeline

1914-08-04

Britain declares war on Germany. Edith volunteers for the Red Cross the same week.

1914-11-01

Edith is posted to a small hospital in Folkestone, treating wounded from the first battles.

1915-03-15

Edith is transferred to Étaples, the largest base hospital in France.

1916-07-01

The first day of the Somme. Over 20,000 wounded arrive at Étaples in 48 hours.

1916-08-15

Edith writes this letter to Margaret during a rare moment of quiet.

1918-03-21

The German Spring Offensive begins. Étaples is shelled. Edith treats gas cases for three days without sleep.

1918-11-11

Armistice. Edith is asleep on her feet when the guns fall silent. She does not celebrate.

1919-10-01

Edith returns to London and enrols at the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine.

1925-06-15

Edith qualifies as a doctor — one of the first women to do so at the Royal Free.

1960-12-31

Edith retires from medical practice. She has treated over 30,000 patients in her career.

1983-02-08

Edith dies at home in Islington, aged 93. Her VAD badge is pinned to her pillow.

Origin