WORLD WAR I • 1914–1918 ✧ DELIVERED

The Cliffs of Gallipoli

Jack O'Brien (age 22)
Mary O'Brien (age 20)
1915-05-02 3 min read Gallipoli Campaign Anzac Cove, Gallipoli, Turkey
Period photograph related to The Cliffs of Gallipoli
Archival photograph · Public domain
Click to view
Anzac Cove, Gallipoli, Turkey • 1915-05-02
Jack O'Brien
to Mary O'Brien

Dear Mary,

Well, here I am in Turkey. Funny to write that, isn’t it? Turkey. A place I never thought I’d see in all my born days.

We landed a week ago, on the twenty-fifth. They told us it’d be a quick dash up the peninsula — a few weeks, maybe a month, then home by Christmas. The papers said it would be a grand adventure. The papers are a lot of bloody liars, if you’ll pardon my French.

The landing was chaos proper. The boats dropped us in the wrong spot — supposed to be a beach, ended up at cliffs. Steep, razor-backed cliffs with Turkish boys up the top shooting down at us like we were fish in a barrel. Men were falling before they even hit the sand. I saw a cobber next to me take a bullet right through his water bottle, didn’t even slow down, just kept running. Mad bastard. We’re all mad bastards, I reckon. That’s what it takes to go up these hills.

We’re dug in now, living in holes in the ground like rabbits. The flies — Mary, you would not believe the flies. They’re on everything. The food, the dead, the living. They crawl into your mouth while you’re trying to sleep. The heat during the day is shocking, and the nights are cold enough to freeze your bones. The latrine is a tin can you toss over the side. It’s not the adventure they painted in the recruitment posters, I’ll tell you that straight.

But here’s the thing, Mare — the sunsets. You wouldn’t credit it. The sun sets over the Aegean and the whole sky turns the colour of a blood orange. For ten minutes, you could almost forget where you are. Almost.

I think of home constantly. Of you and Mum and Dad. Of the smell of the bakery on Smith Street in the morning. Of the sound of the trams rattling past. I’d give my left arm for a proper meat pie. Or a beer. God, a cold beer.

Don’t worry about me. I’m a dinkum Aussie, tough as nails. The Turks are brave fighters — I’ll give ‘em that — but we’re holding our ground. The boys are good. Real good. We look out for each other.

I’ve got to go. The censor’s already crossed out half of what I wrote. If this letter reaches you, know that I’m thinking of you always. I’ll bring you a Turkish rug when this is all over — the ones they weave here are bonzer.

Your loving brother, Jack

P.S. — Tell Mum not to send any more socks. I’ve got six pairs and nowhere to put ‘em.

The letter is written in pencil on two sheets of field service paper. The lower half of the second page is torn away — likely removed by the censor. Jack's handwriting is rushed but legible, with ink stains at the edges.

Weather on that day
Loading historical weather data...

What Happened

Jack O'Brien survived Gallipoli. He was evacuated with severe dysentery in August 1915, having spent 104 days on the peninsula. After recovering, he was redeployed to the Western Front and fought at the Battle of Fromelles in July 1916 — which he later said made Gallipoli look like a picnic. He survived the war, was discharged in 1919, and returned to Melbourne where he became a postman. He married Eileen Flaherty in 1921, had four children, and died in 1978 at the age of 85, the last of his local RSL branch. He never spoke of the war until his grandchildren asked. Then he showed them the biscuit tin full of letters.

Aftermath

Mary O'Brien kept every letter Jack sent her — 47 in total — stored in a Jacob's Creek biscuit tin under her bed. She read them often but never spoke of them. In 1999, two decades after Jack's death, Mary's granddaughter discovered the tin in the attic of Mary's home in Brunswick. She donated the complete collection to the Australian War Memorial in Canberra. The letter from May 2, 1915, is part of the AWM's permanent collection and has been digitised. The censor's stamp — "PASSED BY CENSOR" — is still visible on the envelope.

Historical Context

The Gallipoli Campaign (February 1915 – January 1916) was an Allied naval and land operation intended to capture Constantinople (Istanbul) and knock the Ottoman Empire out of the war. The ANZAC landing on April 25, 1915, met fierce Turkish resistance and the beachhead became a death trap: a narrow strip of sand overlooked by steep cliffs held by well-entrenched Ottoman defenders. Stalemate set in within days. The campaign dragged on for eight months, with 8,700 Australian and 2,700 New Zealand soldiers killed. Despite being a military failure, Gallipoli became a founding national myth for Australia and New Zealand — the place where their soldiers proved themselves under fire. For the Turks, it was a decisive victory that galvanised national pride and launched Mustafa Kemal's career.
Period-Accurate Ambient Sound
|

Timeline

1914-08-04

Britain declares war. Jack enlists in the 1st Division, AIF, at Victoria Barracks, Melbourne.

1914-11-01

The first convoy of Australian troops sails from Albany, Western Australia.

1915-04-25

The ANZACs land at Gallipoli at dawn. Jack's boat comes under fire before it reaches the beach.

1915-05-02

Jack writes this letter from a dugout on the cliffs above Anzac Cove.

1915-08-15

Jack is evacuated with dysentery, emaciated and feverish. He weighs less than eight stone.

1916-07-19

The Battle of Fromelles. Jack's battalion loses 60% of its men in a single night.

1918-11-11

Armistice. Jack is in a hospital in Rouen, recovering from a wound to his left thigh.

1919-07-25

Jack arrives back at Port Melbourne. Mary is waiting on the pier.

1978-06-12

Jack dies in his sleep, aged 85. The biscuit tin of letters passes to Mary.

Origin